Which of the following management orientations is characterized by an organization's efforts to adapt the product and marketing program to each local environment?
A. Ethnocentric.
B. Polycentric.
C. Geocentric.
D. Fegiocentric.
Dutch researcher Geert Hofstede has examined the cultural dimensions of organizational behavior in 40 countries. The United States ranked the highest in which dimension?
A. Power distance.
B. Uncertainty avoidance.
C. Individualism.
D. Masculinity.
Which of the following is not a limit on emerging industry development?
A. Raw materials and components.
B. Subsidies.
C. Product quality.
D. Regulatory approval.
A new production team has been formed by taking experienced high achievers from existing teams within the factory. The members of the new team have not been required to learn any new skills, and the machines used are identical to those used in their former teams. The team's production supervisor is a longtime employee of the organization but has not previously worked with any members of the new team. Despite the abilities and previous individual achievements of the individual team members, management is surprised by the mediocre performance of the new team. The best approach for the production supervisor to improve performance would be to:
A. Increase pressure on the team through higher goals and reprimands.
B. Replace the individuals on the team.
C. Provide opportunities for the team members to socialize with each other.
D. Do nothing now because it is too soon to draw any conclusions.
Michael E Porter's competitive strategies model includes an analysis of the competitive forces that determine the attractiveness of an industry. These forces include:
I. The stage of the industry life cycle
II. Threats of, and barriers to, entry
III. Threat of substitutes
IV.
The threat of suppliers' bargaining power
A.
I and II only.
B.
I and Ill only.
C.
II, Ill, and IV only.
D.
I, II, Ill, and IV.
Which factor increases the threat of entry into an industry?
A. Economies of scale are significant.
B. Capital requirements are high.
C. An industry leader may retaliate against a new entrant.
D. Exit barriers are low.
Rivalry among existing firms in an industry is more likely to be strong when:
A. The industry is in the rapid growth stage.
B. Investment intensity is low.
C. A few firms are dominant.
D. Capacity must be expanded in large increments.
A firm enters a new business by creating a full-fledged new entity (an internal entrant). The internal entrant is least likely to cause disruption and retaliation in a:
A. Slow-growth industry.
B. Fragmented industry.
C. Commodity-producing industry.
D. Highly-concentrated industry.
Which one of the following statements about human perception and human perception's role in the communication process is false?
A. Perception is used to interpret information from the environment.
B. Perception can distort communication only at the end of the communication process.
C. Selective perception refers to the tendency to remember what we prefer and to forget what we are uncomfortable with.
D. Stereotyping is a form of perceptual organization.
Which one of the following will not help overcome communication problems between the Accounting Department and other departments?
A. Interdepartmental task forces.
B. Cross traininand job rotation.
C. Organization-wide social events.
D. A performance appraisal prepared by your immediate supervisor.
Tolerating silence, asking open-ended questions, and paraphrasing are three aids to more effective:
A. Meetings.
B. Listening.
C. Interviews.
D. Feedback.
According to the ISO 14001 standard, which of the following is not included in the requirements for a quality management system?
A. Key processes across the entity which impact quality must be identified and included.
B. The quality management system must be documented in the articles of incorporation, quality manual, procedures, work instructions, and records.
C. Management must review the quality policy, analyze data about quality management system performance, and assess opportunities for improvement and the need for change.
D. The entity must have processes for inspections, testing, measurement, analysis, and improvement.
Which of the following is not included in the process of user authentication?
A. Authorization.
B. Identification.
C. Verification.
D. Validation.
An internal auditor considers the financial statement of an organization as part of a financial assurance engagement. The auditor expresses the organization's electricity and depreciation expenses as a percentage of revenue to be 10% and 7% respectively. Which of the following techniques was used by the internal auditor in this calculation?
A. Horizontal analysis.
B. Vertical analysis.
C. Ratio analysis.
D. Trend analysis.
What is the primary purpose of data and systems backup?
A. To restore all data and systems immediately after the occurrence of an incident.
B. To set the maximum allowable downtime to restore systems and data after the occurrence of an incident.
C. To set the point in time to which systems and data must be recovered after the occurrence of an incident.
D. To restore data and systems to a previous point in time after the occurrence of an incident.